Prior to 1940, a number of conditions were called atypical giant cell tumour based on the presence of giant cells in the histopathological sections. Jaffe, Lichtenstein and Portis (1940) defined the criteria for the diagnosis of giant-Cell tumour, and thereby excluded a mixed bag of lesions which were masquerading as atypical giant cell tumour. As giant cell tumour is a common neoplasm of bone among Indians, the need to distinguish it from its variants becomes imperative. The object of this paper is to delineate the clinicopathological features of the so-called atypical giant-cell tumours as the prognosis of these lesions is uniformly favourable irrespective of the choice of therapy. The findings of a questionnaire on benign chondroblastoma, aneurismal bone cyst and chondromyxoid fibroma collected from some centers in India are analysed.

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Unpredictable and discouraging results following surgery on soft tissues, inclusive of release of tight structures and tendon transplantation are commonly encountered in management of deformities of the foot affected by poliomyelitis. The extra-articular subtalar arthrodesis described by Grice (1952) has been widely practised for the dynamic valgus foot, with gratifying results. However complications, like recurrence of valgus deformity or the development of varus deformity is not too infrequent (Pollock and Carrell 1964). This operative procedure is indicated for the patients aged between 4 to 12 years (Campbell 1963), whereas, the stabilization procedure, such as triple arthrodesis is the treatment of choice for severe deformities, only after the foot has reached maturity-viz:-after the age of 12 years. Dwyer (1959, 1963, 1964) has been the chief advocate of Calcancal osteotomy during last few years. He first performed it in the treatment of pes cavus (Dwyer 1959). Subsequently he recommended it for varus, valgus and calcaneus deformities of the foot. The principle aim in this procedure, is to change the weight bearing alignment of the hind foot along with the inclination of the calcancum so that on weight bearing, the heel is in proper contact with the ground, and at the same time correcting the deforming influence of the Tendo-Achillis (Dwyer 1959, 1964). In poliomyelitis, it is necessary to over-correct the deformity to compensate for the muscular imbalance (Dwyer 1964). The calcaneal osteotomy, which is technically a simple procedure can be performed at any age, but the best results are obtained, when it is done in the early childhood. However, before the age of 3 years, the calcancum is generally too small to permit optimum correction. Dwyer (1964) has claimed that, appearance and function of the foot can be greatly improved by this relatively simple and rational procedure and even in patients over the age of 14 years, it is possible to avoid procedures such as triple arthrodesis, thus retaining movements at the subtaloid and midtarsal joints. It should be noted that Dwyer has done calcaneal osteotomies in adults with gratifying results.

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Inspite of the fact that paget’s disease of bone is seen frequently in the west, it is uncommon in India. Only a few cases were reported in Indian literature (Vyaghreswarudu 1953, Ramamurthy and Viswanadhan 1957, Chakravarthy and Bharadwaj 1963, Bharadwaj 1964, Donaldson 1969, Shanmugasundaram 1970 and krishnamurthy et al. 1972). In view of the rarity of the Paget’s disease among the Indians and lack of report from among the Andhras we felt it worth reporting 3 cases. One of these cases was studied in detail for any intraosseous arterio-venous shun by estimating the arterial and venous CO2 tensions.

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Eosinophilic granuloma of bone is considered as one of the xanthomatoses. Lichtenstein and Jaffe (1940) reported it as a separate entity and suggested the name of eosinophilic granuloma. Ferber (1941) reported that eosinophilic granuloma, Hand Schuller Christian disease, and Letterer Siwe disease as grading of one pathological entity which Lichtenstein (1953) named as Histiocytosis X. Fowles and Bobeckte (1970) in a series of 107 cases of histiocytosis X, reported 40 cases having a single bone lesion. Majority of these lesions were present in the skull, femur, vertebrae and in other bones but none was reported to occur at the upper end of fibula. McGavran and Spady (1960) reported a review of 28 cases during a period of 32 years, of these, only one had a solitary lesion in left fibula, which was treated by excision. Masalawala (1972) reported a solitary lesion arising from the upper end of femur. The comparative rarity of the condition and the necessity to distinguish it from other malignant tumours of bone, encouraged us to document this case.

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The object of this paper is to present the clinical features of 186 cases of Pott’s paraplegia seen during a period of 12 years from 1960 to 1972, and to summarise our experience of 77 cases who were treated by antero-lateral decompression.

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A very small number of patients with osteosarcoma present with multifocal skeletal lesions. There are 2 cases reported from India (Singh et al. 1965, Verma at al 1967). The first case of osteosarcoma with multifocal skeletal lesions was described by White in 1922 in a 27 year old man. Since then less than so cases have been described in the English literature. Because of its rarity we thought it worth reporting 2 cases from our institution.

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Eosinophilic granuloma of bone is considered to be the mildest and most localized form of a basic disorder which included Hand-Schuller-Christian disease and Letterer-Siwe disease (Jaffe and Lichtenstein 1944). Ponseti in 1948 also stressed the close similarity of these three lesions of bone. Lichtenstein in 1953 proposed the term “Histiocytosis X “and described Eosinophilic granuloma as “Localised Histiocytosis X�. A case of Eosinophilic granuloma of bone is reported because of its rarity and so demonstrate the presence of Charcot-Leyden crystals in the sections from lesion.

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Blood flow through the extremities is disturbed either by structural or functional abnormalitics in the peripheral vessels (Havard 1971). The encroachment of the disease process on the lumen of the vessel could be simple narrowing or complete obliteration. A wide range of symptoms and disabilities varying from pain to frank gangrene of the extremities may be encountered. There are many clinical situations in which rather vague signs and symptoms indicate a condition requiring more definitive evaluation. Arteriography has led to studies which provide better understanding of the underlying physiopathological process in certain conditions of the extremities. This report summarises the salient observations made in 173 arteriograms performed in various disorders of the extremities.

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Arthrodcsis of the hip is generally not favoured in Indian patients for whom it is said that ability to squat is more important than anything else. In the Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Government Erskine Hospital, Madurai, 21 hips were arthrodesed between 1966 to 1973. The paper presents a critical analysis of the results in these cases.

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